“The world in which you were born is just one model of reality. Other cultures are not failed attempts at being you; they are unique manifestations of the human spirit.”
Wade Davis, Canadian anthropologist, ethnobotanist, author and photograph
Article 1 of the UN (United Nations) Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees defines the term “refugee”. To read the article click here.
Canada Immigration and Refugee Protection – Section 96
A Convention refugee is a person who, by reason of a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group or political opinion,
(a) is outside each of their countries of nationality and is unable or, by reason of that fear, unwilling to avail themself of the protection of each of those countries; or
(b) not having a country of nationality, is outside the country of their former habitual residence and is unable or, by reason of that fear, unwilling to return to that country.
According to “Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations” (IRPR), Canada Federal Skilled Workers (FSW) class of immigrants fall under the category of “Economic Immigration” defined by “Immigration and Refugee Protection Act” (IRPA). Here are the relevant sections.
IRPA 12(2).Economic Class – A foreign national may be selected as a member of the economic class on the basis of their ability to become economically established in Canada.
IRPR 75(1). Class – For the purposes of subsection 12(2) of the Act, the federal skilled worker class is hereby prescribed as a class of persons who are skilled workers and who may become permanent residents on the basis of their ability to become economically established in Canada and who intend to reside in a province other than the Province of Quebec.
Drunk: Somebody who is intoxicated/under the influence of alcohol.
Tipsy: Somebody who is a little bit drunk
Crunk: Crazy + Drunk, stoned (because of marijuana) and drunk
Patriotism is your conviction that this country is superior to all other countries because you were born in it.
George Bernard Shaw, Irish dramatist and socialist (1856 – 1950)
Canadian courts and tribunals base some of their decisions on “Reasonable Grounds”. It is especially quite common when it comes to some decisions in courts or tribunals related to immigration matters such as inadmissibility.
You may ask, what does “reasonable grounds” mean? The following paragraph is probably the best definition for “reasonable grounds”:
A set of facts or circumstances which would cause a person of ordinary and prudent judgment to believe beyond a mere suspicion. [source]
We could say that “reasonable grounds” are less than “a balance of probabilities” and more than “a mere suspicion”.
Canadian statutes are issued by either Parliament at the federal level or via provincial legislatures. However, when it comes to certain matters only the Parliament is in charge. “Citizenship Act” is one of those areas that exclusively belong to the Parliament. In other words provinces cannot issue regulations which affect obtaining, maintaining, or losing citizenship of Canadian people or those who choose Canada as their country of residence and/or citizenship. Section 91(25) of the “Constitutional Act 1867″ clearly outlines this important rule.
91. Legislative of Parliament of Canada
It shall be lawful for the Queen, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate and House of Commons, to make Laws for the Peace, Order, and good Government of Canada, in relation to all Matters not coming within the Classes of Subjects by this Act assigned exclusively to the Legislatures of the Provinces; and for greater Certainty, but not so as to restrict the Generality of the foregoing Terms of this Section, it is hereby declared that (notwithstanding anything in this Act) the exclusive Legislative Authority of the Parliament of Canada extends to all Matters coming within the Classes of Subjects next hereinafter enumerated; that is to say,
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25. Naturalization and Aliens
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I found the following interesting as it helps to understand who may be denied to Canada due to health problems.
“excessive demand” means
(a) a demand on health services or social services for which the anticipated costs would likely exceed average Canadian per capita health services and social services costs over a period of five consecutive years immediately following the most recent medical examination required by these Regulations, unless there is evidence that significant costs are likely to be incurred beyond that period, in which case the period is no more than 10 consecutive years; or
(b) a demand on health services or social services that would add to existing waiting lists and would increase the rate of mortality and morbidity in Canada as a result of an inability to provide timely services to Canadian citizens or permanent residents.
Source: Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations, , SOR/2002-227, Part 1, Division 1, Interpretation
Immigrants are often among the most enterprising members of society, partly because anyone brave enough to make an overseas move is likely to be a risk-taker.
Source: 400 Must-Have Words for the TOEFL
